1) Michael Phelps, an American swimmer, has won a total of 28 Olympic medals, including 23 gold medals, making him the most decorated Olympian of all time.

2) The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is the largest stock exchange in the world.

3) The concept of political stability refers to the ability of a government or political system to maintain continuity, order, and effective governance over a prolonged period, promoting social cohesion and economic development.

4) The ongoing conflict in Syria, which began in 2011, has resulted in a humanitarian crisis, displacement of millions of people, and international efforts to bring about a resolution and provide aid to those affected.